Religious Beliefs of the Ancient Mesopotamians and the Hebrews
The ancient Mesopotamians and the Hebrews had significant differences in their religious beliefs and these differences influence their societies.
Religion was the basis of civilization for the ancient Mesopotamians; it dominated every scene of their lives. The ancient Mesopotamian society was built upon mythopoeic thinking. This way of thinking base on myths, led them to believe in Polytheism, the belief in many gods. These gods controlled universally. The ancient Mesopotamians saw gods and demons everywhere in nature.(13) for each one god served a distinct purpose; in that location were gods of the sun, moon, storms, river, and sex and in all other things. There were also the demons; they caused the disasters and sickness.
Hebrew beliefs were different than that of the ancient Mesopotamians. The Hebrews had an ethical and virtuous view about religion, they believed in Mo nonheism, the belief in one god, Yahweh. The Hebrews demythicized nature(40) in that there were no gods in nature. They believed god was fully sovereign, and that he was the base of all things and he controlled all that was. They also believed that he was a god of transcendence above nature and not dissever of it, (40) he crossed over into all things.
The ancient Mesopotamian mess believed that humans were created to serve the gods completely. They were slaves to the gods, always trying to appease them with petition and sacrifice. Anything that happened good or bad they attributed to the gods. Every act performed by the people was either the will of or for the gods.
The Hebrews believed that god created them not as slaves like the Mesopotamians believed, but to fulfill their own mortal moral potential. They had free will and conscience as individuals, and the moral freedom to choose between good and...
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