Urbanization and its effects on welfare.

-Educational effects

As the cause of fast urbanization lead to inequalities between the arcadian and urban areas, affecting the whole agrarian-urban reproduction system. The gap of the education level became increasingly high. It is clear that for the last 25 years, sparing evolution and urban-rural institutional reform have laid a solid foundation for improving urban and rural tribes vivification conditions and benefits. However, the urban-rural gap is still evident in terms of rapid economic growth and slow-moving social development. For education level according to the statistic of the 5th national census of 2000, 39.1% of rural universe of discourse received junior high education or above. Among rural cosmos 42.8% received elementary education, and illiteracy rate among commonwealth above 15 years of age was 8.3%, higher than the respective(prenominal) 23.8% and 4.0% rate among urban population. Rural population is mainly be of those with junior high and elementary education, while urban population is mainly composed of those with senior high education or above, which is undoubtedly the biggest disagreement between urban and rural areas. Of the nations fiscal budget, allocations for compulsory education in rural areas are naughtily inadequate. This proportion of funds budgeted in 1994-2000 for compulsory education in rural areas comprised of 57% of total amount of funds unavoidable for compulsory education in rural areas.



Such a graded educational system only worsening and retards development of rural education. It would extend or even expand inequality in terms of urban-rural and inter-city compulsory education.

- Culture effects

Due to the rise of urbanizations level, population in urban cities encounters rapid increase, cultures and lifestyle of people similarly changed from preceding period. People in rural areas that were used to the rural life styles has to change in order to adapt to cities life. correspond to cultural traditions, nowadays, China is gradually losing...

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